Compare French Guiana (2002) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2008)

Compare French Guiana (2002) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2008)

	French Guiana (2002)	British Indian Ocean Territory (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas department of France)	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 30.2% (male 28,140; female 26,876) 15-64 years: 64.2% (male 63,183; female 53,902) 65 years and over: 5.6% (male 5,192; female 5,040) (2002 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	corn, rice, manioc (tapioca), sugar, cocoa, vegetables, bananas; cattle, pigs, poultry	-
Airports	11 (2001)	1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 5 (2002)	-
Area	total: 91,000 sq km land: 89,150 sq km water: 1,850 sq km	total: 54,400 sq km land: 60 sq km; Diego Garcia 44 sq km water: 54,340 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago of 55 islands
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Indiana	land area is about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	First settled by the French in 1604, French Guiana was the site of notorious penal settlements until 1951. The European Space Agency launches its communication satellites from Kourou.	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order that had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.
Birth rate	21.66 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $225 million expenditures: $390 million, including capital expenditures of $105 million (1996) (1996)	-
Capital	Cayenne	-
Climate	tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	378 km	698 km
Constitution	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)	-
Country name	conventional long form: Department of Guiana conventional short form: French Guiana local long form: none local short form: Guyane	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT
Currency	euro (EUR); French franc (FRF)	-
Death rate	4.78 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-
Debt - external	$1.2 billion (1988) (1988)	-
Dependency status	overseas department of France	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa)	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago including Diego Garcia; in 2001, the former inhabitants of the Chagos Archipelago, evicted in 1967 and 1973 and now residing chiefly in Mauritius, were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation; in May 2006, the High Court of London reversed U.K. Government's 2004 orders of council that banned habitation on the islands; a small group of Chagossians visited Diego Garcia in April 2006; repatriation is complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that restricts access to the largest viable island in the chain
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	-
Economy - overview	The economy is tied closely to the French economy through subsidies and imports. Besides the French space center at Kourou, fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities. Forest and woodland cover 90% of the country. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods, not fully exploited, support an expanding sawmill industry that provides sawn logs for export. Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area, where the population is largely concentrated; rice and manioc are the major crops. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy. Unemployment is a serious problem, particularly among younger workers.	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where a joint UK-US military facility is located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installation are performed by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the native Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing. The territory makes money by selling fishing licenses and postage stamps.
Electricity - consumption	418.5 million kWh (2000)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - production	450 million kWh (2000)	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Bellevue de l'Inini 851 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Ethnic groups	black or mulatto 66%, white 12%, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian 12%, other 10%	-
Exchange rates	Euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Ange MANCINI (since 31 July 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Joseph HO-TEN-YOU (since 26 March 2001); President of the Regional Council Antoine KARAM (since 22 March 1992) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; presidents of the General and Regional Councils are appointed by the members of those councils	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Leigh TURNER (since July 2006); Administrator Tony HUMPHRIES (since February 2005); note - both reside in the UK and are represented by the officer commanding British Forces on Diego Garcia cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
Exports	$155 million f.o.b. (1997)	-
Exports - commodities	shrimp, timber, gold, rum, rosewood essence, clothing	-
Exports - partners	France 62%, Switzerland 7%, US 2% (1997)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	the flag of France is used	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP	purchasing power parity - $1 billion (1998 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $6,000 (1998 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	-
Geographic coordinates	4 00 N, 53 00 W	6 00 S, 71 30 E; note - Diego Garcia 7 20 S, 72 25 E
Geography - note	mostly an unsettled wilderness; the only non-independent portion of the South American continent	archipelago of 55 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
Highways	total: 1,817 km paved: 817 km unpaved: 1,000 km (1998)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Illicit drugs	small amount of marijuana grown for local consumption; minor transshipment point to Europe	-
Imports	$625 million c.i.f. (1997)	-
Imports - commodities	food (grains, processed meat), machinery and transport equipment, fuels and chemicals	-
Imports - partners	France 52%, US 14%, Trinidad and Tobago 6% (1997)	-
Independence	none (overseas department of France)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	construction, shrimp processing, forestry products, rum, gold mining	-
Infant mortality rate	13.22 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.5% (1992) (1992)	-
International organization participation	FZ, WCL, WFTU	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	20 sq km (1998 est.)	0 sq km
Judicial branch	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel (highest local court based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana)	-
Labor force	58,800 (1997) (1997)	-
Labor force - by occupation	services, government, and commerce 61%, industry 21%, agriculture 18% (1980)	-
Land boundaries	total: 1,183 km border countries: Brazil 673 km, Suriname 510 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0.11% NEGL permanent crops: 0.03% other: 99.86% (90% forest, 10% other) (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	French	-
Legal system	French legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PSG 5, various left-wing parties 5, independents 7, other 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - PS 28.28%, various left parties 22.56%, RPR 15.91%, independents 8.6%, Walwari Committee 6%; seats by party - PS 11, various left parties 9, RPR 6, independents 3, Walwari Committee 2 note: one seat was elected to the French Senate on 27 September 1998 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; 2 seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP/RPR 1, Walwari Committee 1	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 76.49 years male: 73.16 years female: 79.99 years (2002 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 83% male: 84% female: 82% (1982 est.)	-
Location	Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname	archipelago in the Indian Ocean, south of India, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia
Map references	South America	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; French Forces, Gendarmerie	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 50,504 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 32,720 (2002 est.)	-
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	-
Nationality	noun: French Guianese (singular and plural) adjective: French Guianese	-
Natural hazards	high frequency of heavy showers and severe thunderstorms; flooding	NA
Natural resources	bauxite, timber, gold (widely scattered), cinnabar, kaolin, fish	coconuts, fish, sugarcane
Net migration rate	8.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	Guyanese Democratic Action or ADG [Andre LECANTE]; Guyanese Socialist Party or PSG [Marie-Claude VERDAN]; Guyana Democratic Forces or FDG [Georges OTHILY]; Popular National Guyanese Party or PNPG [Jose DORCY]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Roland HO-WEN-SZE]; Socialist Party or PS [Pierre RIBARDIERE]; Walwari Committee [Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	182,333 (July 2002 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960s and 1970s; in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in November 2004, there were approximately 4,000 UK and US military personnel and civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	2.57% (2002 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Cayenne, Degrad des Cannes, Saint-Laurent du Maroni	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 14 (including 6 repeaters), shortwave 6 (including 5 repeaters) (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	104,000 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Roman Catholic	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.17 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female total population: 1.13 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: fair open wire and microwave radio relay system international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: country code (Diego Garcia) - 246; international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use	47,000 (1997)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	-
Television broadcast stations	3 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997)	1 (1997)
Terrain	low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains	flat and low (most areas do not exceed two meters in elevation)
Total fertility rate	3.13 children born/woman (2002 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	21.4% (1998) (1998)	-
Waterways	3,300 km navigable by native craft note: 460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and river steamers	-

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